Ecology Of The Planted Aquarium Diana Walstad
Introduction
Planted aquariums offer a serene and calming environment in any home or office. They are not only beautiful to look at but also provide a healthy ecosystem for aquatic life. Diana Walstad, a renowned biologist, has done extensive research on the ecology of planted aquariums. Her book, "Ecology of the Planted Aquarium," is a comprehensive guide for hobbyists and professionals alike who are interested in creating a natural and self-sustaining aquarium.
The Natural Aquarium
Walstad argues that the natural aquarium is the most sustainable and healthy environment for aquatic life. In a natural aquarium, plants and animals work together to create a balanced ecosystem. The plants provide oxygen and remove toxins from the water, while the animals provide nutrients for the plants. This symbiotic relationship ensures that the aquarium remains self-sustaining and requires minimal maintenance.
Substrate
The substrate is the foundation of the planted aquarium. Walstad recommends using a nutrient-rich substrate that contains clay, sand, and soil. This provides the plants with the necessary nutrients to grow and thrive. The substrate also plays a critical role in the filtration system of the aquarium. It houses beneficial bacteria that break down waste and other organic matter.
Lighting
Lighting is essential for plant growth in the aquarium. Walstad recommends using low to moderate lighting to avoid algae growth. Algae can be a significant problem in planted aquariums, so it's essential to find the right balance of light intensity and duration.
Plants
Plants are the cornerstone of the natural aquarium. They provide oxygen, absorb nutrients and toxins, and create a natural environment for aquatic life. Walstad recommends using a variety of plants that are easy to grow and maintain. Some of her favorites include Java fern, Anubias, and Amazon sword.
Filtration
Filtration is critical for maintaining a healthy ecosystem in the planted aquarium. Walstad recommends using a combination of mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration. A good filtration system will remove toxins, debris, and waste from the water, ensuring that the aquarium remains clean and healthy.
Water Changes
Water changes are an essential part of maintaining a healthy planted aquarium. Walstad recommends changing 10-20% of the water every week to remove excess nutrients and waste. It's essential to use dechlorinated water that is the same temperature as the aquarium to prevent shock to the aquatic life.
Fish
Fish are an integral part of the planted aquarium ecosystem. They provide food for the plants and help to keep the aquarium clean. Walstad recommends using a variety of fish that are compatible with the plants and other aquatic life in the aquarium. It's essential to avoid overstocking the aquarium, as this can lead to excess waste and poor water quality.
Conclusion
The ecology of the planted aquarium is a fascinating and complex subject. Diana Walstad's book provides a comprehensive guide to creating a natural and self-sustaining aquarium that is both beautiful and healthy. By following her recommendations for substrate, lighting, plants, filtration, water changes, and fish, hobbyists and professionals alike can create a natural and thriving aquatic ecosystem in their own homes or offices.
